The Jordan Valley provides archaeological evidence of occupation by Paleolithic and Mesolithic hunters and gatherers (people of Neolithic culture), similar to that found around the Mediterranean littoralin 8000B.C. This culture ended after 2000B.C, when large numbers of Semitic nomads, identified as the Amorites, entered the region which became known as Canaan.

The conflict between Egypt who attempted to regain control of Syria, and Hittites from Anatolia during the fifteenth to thirteenth centuries B.C bypassed the east bank of Jordan allowed for the development of a string of small tribal kingdoms with names familiar for the Old Testament: Edom, Moab, Bashan Gilead, and Ammon whose capital was the biblical Rabbath Ammon (modern Amman).

The History of the Jordan region over the next 2 centuries was one of constant conflict between the Jewish kingdoms and the kingdoms on the east bank. In 722B.C. Israel fell to the Assyrian king Shalmaneser. In 612B.C. the Neo-Babylonian Empire conquered Assyria in Mesopotamia. Within fifty years the Persian Cyprus conquered Babylon. Jordan region became part of the Achaemenid Empire.

Between 300B.C.-100B.C., Jordan's history was decisively affected by three peoples: Jews, Greeks, and Nabateans. Greek settlers founded new cities and revived old ones as centers of Hellenistic culture. Amman was renamed Philadelphia in honor of the pharaoh Ptolemy philadelphus. In 106 A.D. Emperor Trajan formally annexed the satellite Nabatean kingdom, organizing its territory within the new roman province of Arabia that included most of the east bank of the Jordan River. For a time, Petra was the provincial capital.

In the sixth century control over the Jordan region was transferred to the Ghassanids, Christian Arabs loyal to the Byzantine Empire. But the confrontations between Ghassanids and the fresh waves of Nomads moving north out of the Arabian Peninsula was not new to the history of the Jordan region and continued to manifest itself into the modern era. Contact with the Christian Ghassanids was an important source of the impulse to monotheism that flowed back into Arabia with the nomads, preparing the ground there for the introduction of Islam.

630 A.D. marked the beginning of the Arab Islamic era in Jordan. In 633 A.d. the year after prophet Mohammed's depth Muslims entered the Jordan region .In 636 AD the Jordan region converted to Islam under Khalid Bin Al Waleed . In 661 AD the Umayyad rule began over the Jordan region.The Umayyad rule lasted for two centuries.

The Abbasid dynasties were the successors of the Umayyad rule. The history of Islam in the Mediterranean region is characterized by surprising diversity. A mixture of people and ethnicity makes it up. The Arabic language of the Qumran has co existed side by side with other dialects of Arabic. Within the setting of undeniable unity (Muslim Religion, language and culture )each society has evolved and responded to the challenge of history in its own characteristic manner.

In 1899 the crusades arrived in Jerusalem establishing themselves by building two castles in Jordan. At Shobak and Karak thus leading to their complete withdrawal from the east . A 3000- year rule by the Mamlukes followed, after which Jordan became part of the Ottoman Empire. This period came to an end with the famous Arab Revolt, between 1915 and 1918.

Jordan's modern history dates from 1921, when emir Abdullah, the second son of Sheriff Hussein, established the Emirate of Trans-Jordan as a self-governing territory under British mandate. In May 1946,Emir Abdullah was proclaimed king of the independent Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the formal union of Jordan and the West Bank was declared in 1950.

In 1953, King Hussein Ibn Tallal, Emir Abdullah's grandson, formally ascended the throne of Jordan. His reign continued until the 7th of February 1998, when he finally succumbed to cancer at the age of 63. The late King Hussein will be remembered for many achievements, but he will perhaps be remembered most of all as the "King of Peace" due to his efforts in establishing and maintaining peace on the Middle East.

Shortly before King Hussein's death, he relieved his brothr and Crown Prince for 34 years Prince Hassan from his duties and appointed his eldest son Prince Abdullah as Crown Prince. On February 6th 1998, Crown Prince Abdullah ibn al-Hussein was sworn in as regent, and was proclaimed and sworn in as King of Jordan on February 7th 1998. King Abdullah the 2nd appointed his younger brother Prince Hamza as his Crown Prince.